A large statue of Paraguay’s dictator, Gen. Alfredo Stroessner, used to dominate the capital metropolis of Asunción. Now, all that is still on the website are his metal boots. Stroessner’s monumental likeness was lower off on the ankles after he was deposed in 1989 following virtually 35 years of army rule.
“It’s loopy. It’s nonetheless there,” feedback filmmaker Juanjo Pereira. “It’s nonetheless there and might be there for a few years.”
The folks, celebrating Stroessner’s downfall, severed the pinnacle, torso and the legs of the statue. But, the bottom stays – the inspiration. Maybe that symbolism is most crucial to grasp from Pereira’s new documentary Beneath the Flags, the Solar, which performed on the Thessaloniki Worldwide Documentary Competition in Greece Monday evening. It received the FIPRESCI critics prize within the Panorama part of the Berlin Movie Competition final month, the place the documentary premiered.
“It was the final [right-wing] dictatorship to fall in Latin America,” the director famous throughout a Q&A after the screening.
Paraguay’s army ruler, Gen. Alfredo Stroessner, circa 1975
FPG/Hulton Archive/Getty Photographs
Stroessner seized energy in 1954, promising “peace, progress and fraternity,” however delivering repression underneath the guise of virulent anti-communism. Throughout his reign, virtually 20,000 perceived political opponents have been tortured, and a whole bunch have been “disappeared.” A regime like that doesn’t invite scrutiny, limiting what footage exists. However Pereira’s analysis positioned about 120 hours of footage all over the world, which turned the idea for his movie.
Included are newsreels, propaganda movies, and a few materials shot by French journalists, “revealing the hidden mechanisms of energy behind Stroessner’s rule,” because the Thessaloniki pageant describes it. There’s additionally footage of Stroessner visiting President Lyndon Johnson in Washington within the Sixties, the place he was warmly greeted as a helpful American ally within the Chilly Struggle.
Human stays, believed to have been buried within the Seventies throughout the dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner, found within the outskirts of Asunción, Paraguay on March 19, 2013
NORBERTO DUARTE/AFP by way of Getty Photographs
Cameras didn’t doc the torture of commerce unionists and others in Paraguay. However, helpfully, the dictatorship did maintain written information of its actions which have been found in 1992. These “Archives of Terror,” as they’ve change into recognized, turned an necessary supply for Pereira.
“The Terror Archives is likely one of the most necessary archives in Latin America,” Pereira stated. “It’s free to go [and see], and it’s there within the Ministry of Justice.”
Gen. Alfredo Stroessner (left) salutes with Alejandro Agustin Lanusse Gelly, president of Argentina, in 1972
FPG/Hulton Archive/Getty Photographs
Between the paperwork and grainy, largely black-and-white imagery, the movie reveals how Stroessner dominated all features of Paraguayan life, rendering many peculiar folks apparently incapable of considering for themselves. He created a strongman’s cult of character and surrounded himself with an obsequious court docket (parallels to Trump 2.0 might leap to thoughts, however that’s exterior the scope of this documentary).
As soon as he reached his mid-70s, nevertheless, Stroessner appeared to lose a step and the Colorado Social gathering he had tightly managed shoved him apart, in favor of one other army man, Andrés Rodríguez Pedotti, who had as soon as been Stroessner’s closest confidante.
“In a method, the tip of the dictatorship was not a revolutionary second. It was a change of command,” Pereira noticed. “The Colorado Social gathering wanted to alter its picture… It’s not the folks taking energy.”
L-R Producer James Costa, moderator, and director Juanjo Pereira communicate at a Q&A following a screening of ‘Beneath the Flags, the Solar’ in Thessaloniki, Greece
Matthew Carey
Pereira described himself as a “youngster of democracy. I’m born after the coup d’etat [of 1989].” However fielding a query from the viewers, he questioned whether or not Paraguay’s type of authorities right this moment actually represents the folks.
“I don’t know if we’re dwelling in a democracy in Paraguay,” he stated. “The final election [the Colorado Party] received 80 p.c [of the vote] and the federal government is stuffed with Colorado folks. We don’t have opposition in Paraguay. So is it a democracy? I dunno, possibly it’s as much as us to grasp that. Yeah, there are not any extra disappeared folks, however we don’t have [the ability] to decide on [leaders]. It’s difficult to say that that is democracy. Possibly we have to discover a new method to say what’s the world we’re dwelling in now.”
Pereira prompt Stroessner has been scrubbed from his nation’s historical past. “In class we didn’t examine this era of the nation. So I completed college at 18 and I didn’t even know who was this man,” he stated. “And at 20 or 21 I began to look extra about this era. I began to look extra in regards to the historical past of cinema in Paraguay after which I discovered extra in regards to the dictatorship and in a method, I studied the dictatorship by way of the archives.”
Describing Beneath the Flags, the Solar, Pereira stated, “The movie is opening questions, proposing questions. That is my major objective.”
He added, “We all know so little about this era. For me, it’s like we solely know fragments and the film is about fragments… I take all these fragments and I make this sense of reminiscence.”
